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Characterizing coal and mineral mines as a regional source of stress to stream fish assemblages
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Mining impacts on stream systems have historically been studied over small spatial scales, yet investigations over large areas may be useful for characterizing mining as a regional source of stress to stream fishes. The associations between co-occurring stream fish assemblages and densities of various “classes” of mining occurring in the same catchments were tested using threshold analysis. Threshold analysis identifies the point at which fish assemblages change substantially from best available habitat conditions with increasing disturbance. As this occurred over large regions, species comprising fish assemblages were represented by various functional traits as well as other measures of interest to management (characterizing reproductive ecology and life history, habitat preferences, trophic ecology, assemblage diversity and evenness, tolerance to anthropogenic disturbance and state-recognized game species). We used two threshold detection methods: change-point analysis with indicator analysis and piecewise linear regression. We accepted only those thresholds that were highly statistically significant (p 0.01) for both techniques and overlapped within 5% error. We found consistent, wedge-shaped declines in multiple fish metrics with increasing levels of mining in catchments, suggesting mines are a regional source of disturbance. Threshold responses were consistent across the three ecoregions occurring at low mine densities. For 47.2% of the significant thresholds, a density of only 0.01 mines/km2 caused a threshold response. In fact, at least 25% of streams in each of our three study ecoregions have mine densities in their catchments with the potential to affect fish assemblages. Compared to other anthropogenic impacts assessed over large areas (agriculture, impervious surface or urban land use), mining had a more pronounced and consistent impact on fish assemblages. Threshold analysis Fish functional traits Landscape influences Game fishes Mining Rivers
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Do small tributaries function as refuges from floods? A test in a salmonid-dominated mountainous river
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Excerpts from the text: On 8–10 August 2003, a powerful typhoon hit Hokkaido Island, Japan, accompanied with heavy rain, which allowed us to investigate the potential role of tributaries as refuges from flooding. We had just completed annual population census in four small tributaries of a river system 1–2 days before the typhoon.... Overall, our results did not support the hypothesis that many large fishes immigrate to small tributaries during floods. ... Despite the lack of evidence of mass movement, our result suggested a few immigrants from the main stem (i.e., juvenile white-spotted charr, sculpin and a few relatively large Dolly Varden). Because more than 100 small tributaries exist in the Shiisorapuchi River (Koizumi 2011), only a few individuals escaping to each tributary should accumulate to a great number enough to re-colonise main stem habitats even if fishes in the main stem were extirpated. Multiple refuges at different spatial scales should increase resistance and ⁄ or resilience of fish populations (Sedell et al. 1990; Pearsons et al. 1992). Thus, the roles of tributaries as refuges would deserve further attention
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Sour Streams in Appalachia: Mapping Nature’s Buffer Against Sulfur Deposition
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Sulfur emissions are regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency, but sulfuric acid that has
leached into soil and streams can linger in the environment and harm vegetation and aquatic life. Some
watersheds are better able to buffer streams against acidification than others; scientists learned why in
southern Appalachia.
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Downstream Warming and Headwater Acidity May Diminish Coldwater Habitat in Southern Appalachian Mountain Streams
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Stream-dwelling species in the U.S. southern Appalachian Mountains region are particularly vulnerable to climate change and acidification. The objectives of this study were to quantify the spatial extent of contemporary suitable habitat for acid- and thermally sensitive aquatic species and to forecast future habitat loss resulting from expected temperature increases on national forest lands in the southern Appalachian Mountain region. The goal of this study was to help watershed managers identify and assess stream reaches that are potentially vulnerable to warming, acidification, or both. To our knowledge, these results represent the first regional assessment of aquatic habitat suitability with respect to the combined effects of stream water temperature and acid-base status in the United States. Statistical models were developed to predict July mean daily maximum water temperatures and air-water tem- perature relations to determine potential changes in future stream water temperatures. The length of stream considered suitable habitat for acid- and thermally sensitive species, based on temperature and acid neutralizing capacity thresholds of 20°C and 50 μeq/L, was variable throughout the national forests considered. Stream length displaying temperature above 20°C was generally more than five times greater than the length predicted to have acid neutralizing capacity below 50 μeq/L. It was uncommon for these two stressors to occur within the same stream segment. Results suggested that species’ distributional shifts to colder, higher elevation habitats under a warming climate can be constrained by acidification of headwater streams. The approach used in this study can be applied to evaluate climate change impacts to stream water resources in other regions.
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American Fisheries Society Annual Meeting
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This year’s theme is: Fisheries Conservation and Management: Making Connections and Building Partnerships.
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Events
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Webinar: Effects of Climate Change on Inland Fish and Fisheries: Global, North American, and Management Perspectives
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Join AFWA's Effects of Climate Change webinar coming up next Wednesday.
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American Fisheries Society Newsletter
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The AFS recently put out their newsletter for the month of October. See what the headlines are over at the American Fisheries Society...
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Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation
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We manage and protect fish and wildlife, along with their habitats, while also growing our community of hunters and anglers, partnering with those who love the outdoors, and fostering stewardship with those who care for the land.
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Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks
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The mission of the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks is to conserve and enhance Mississippi’s wildlife, fisheries, and parks, provide quality outdoor recreation, and engage the public in natural resource conservation.
Mississippi's legislative leadership recognized the need for wildlife conservation in our state and founded the Mississippi Game and Fish Commission in 1932. Since then, the Agency has been the state's premier conservation organization. In 1989, the Bureau of Parks and Recreation merged with the Mississippi Department of Wildlife Conservation to form the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks (MDWFP). The MDWFP is a large state agency charged by state statute to conserve, develop, and protect Mississippi's natural resources and provide continuing outdoor recreation opportunities.
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Texas Parks and Wildlife Department
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Mission
To manage and conserve the natural and cultural resources of Texas and to provide hunting, fishing and outdoor recreation opportunities for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations.
Philosophy
In fulfilling our mission, we will: Be a recognized national leader in implementing effective natural resources conservation and outdoor recreational programs; Serve the state of Texas, its citizens, and our employees with the highest standards of service, professionalism, fairness, courtesy, and respect; Rely on the best available science to guide our conservation decisions; Responsibly manage agency finances and appropriations to ensure the most efficient and effective use of tax-payer and user fee resources; Attract and retain the best, brightest, and most talented workforce to successfully execute our mission.
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